Photo credit: Death of Abimelech, Judges, 1852-60 illustration by Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld Bibel in Bildern, The Child That Raised an Army Your Online Bible Study Supplement Source. Tod Twist, 10 Things You Should Know about the Sovereignty of God (2) A son of Abiathar (2 Samuel 8:17 1 Chronicles 18:16; 1 Chronicles 24:6), and grandson of the above. This most authorities consider the more correct reading. (1Sa 21:10-15; evidently the name Abimelech appearing in the superscription of Psalm 34 is to be viewed as a title for King Achish. This verse is referenced by Jesus in Mark 2:26, where Jesus says "Abiathar the high priest". Psalm 34 was Davids hymn of praise after God had delivered him from the Philistines. Individual and Communal Experiences: David taught from his own experience. King of Gerar of the Philistines, who took Sarah into his harem; but being warned of God in a dream, he restored her to Abraham, and gave him 1,000 pieces of silver as a "covering of the eyes" for Sarah, that is, as an atoning present, and to be a testimony of her innocence in the eyes of all. Conclusion He protects all their bones; not one of them gets broken. A. Of the books relevant to our discussion about Abiathar and Ahimelech as priests, the term high priest does not occur in 1 Samuel, 2 Samuel, 1 Kings, or 1 Chronicles. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. This can be difficult and is fraught with peril, David deceives Ahimelech the priest at Nob (1 Samuel 21:2). Is this a contradiction? Ahimelech, great-grandson of Eli: slain by Doeg the Edomite, . Salem Media Group. Lets look into it prophetically! As reported to King Saul by the Edomite Dawg, Ahimelech gave David five loaves of holy bread, the sword of Goliath, and was said by Dawg to have consulted God for David, but this was merely propaganda against the priest of Nob. LXX was less unified than MT because the LXX Hebrew text is much older. Proclaim with me the greatness of ADONAI; let us exalt his name together (Psalm 34:1-3 CJB). Of David. Son of Ahitub (1 Samuel 14:3, 18), Ichabod's brother; the same probably asAhimelech, who was high priest at Nob in the reign of Saul (1 Samuel 22:11). Those who trust in Him will never die.90. David (/ d e v d /; Hebrew: , Modern: Davd, Tiberian: Dw, "beloved one") was, according to the Hebrew Bible, the third king of the United Kingdom of Israel. 1 Samuel 21:12 (LEB): Now David came to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest. A number of Psalms were written by him during this period of the rejection of the Lord's anointed. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Chronicles 24:6Shemaiah the son of Nethanel the scribe, who was of the Levites, wrote them in the presence of the king, and the princes, and Zadok the priest, and Ahimelech the son of Abiathar, and the heads of the fathers' houses of the priests and of the Levites; one fathers' house being taken for Eleazar, and one taken for Ithamar. //josephus/the antiquities of the jews/chapter 12 how david fled.htm, The Cost of a Lie Then David went to Nob, to Ahimelech the priest who came trembling to meet David and said to him, "Why are you alone, and no one with you?" But they have their reward in divine deliverance. Through faith, David built altars to the Lord and offered to build a temple to him. (3.) Who wants a long life (evidence of Gods approval) to see good things? Ahitub (16 Occurrences). David had to escape for his life. The OBAR everyday bars are made with minimally processed ingredients, no . The bread was changed every sabbath, and the priests ate that which had been displayed. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. The Jews were very familiar with persecution throughout their history. Whether there was a priesthood, with Ahitub the grandson of Eli as high priest, is a matter on which we have no information; but we may remind ourselves that the common assumption that such men as Samuel and Saul performed priestly offices is nothing but an assumption. Later, a similar act took place between Isaac and Abimelech, and Phichol, the commander of his army, when Isaac's servants had re-dug 'the well of the oath' (Gen. 26:32-33). and are transliterations whose meanings in Greek are simply the names Abimelech or Ahimelech. Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite //maclaren/expositions of holy scripture f/love and remorse.htm, Jesus Defends Disciples who Pluck Grain on the Sabbath. He was summoned into Saul's presence, and accused of disloyalty for assisting David, on the information of Doeg the Edomite. Abraham approached Abimelech because of his servant's attacks and the loss of his well. In the parallel passage, the name is given as Ahimelech; most authorities consider this the more correct reading. Copyright 2002-2023 Got Questions Ministries. Harvest Christian Fellowship - Pastor Mike Finizio, Abimelech, Part 2 Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. Young lions can be needy, they can go hungry, but those who see ADONAI lack nothing good. Uzziah is the father of Jotham in Matt. NOW he need a weapon 1 Samuel 21:8-9 8 David asked Ahimelech, Dont you have a spear or sword here? Evil will overcome the wicked. This was particularly the case after the capture of the ark by the Philistines, and the deaths of Eli and his sons. What am I doing wrong here in the PlotLegends specification? " So his servant ran him through, and he died. Abimelech means 'my father is king', and Phichol means 'mouth of all . This most authorities consider the more correct reading. Jonathan had told David that Saul was plotting to kill him. Media related to Achimelech at Wikimedia Commons, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ahimelech&oldid=1137416232, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 14:58. (1Sa 30:7; 1Chr 24:3,6,31). (Comp. "Abimelech" is a kind of combination of "Abiathar" and "Ahimelech". Since it's just in 1 short book, it was easier to unify one way or the other. Any attempt to correctly write "Elimelech" will raise the issue of how to do this in a way that could not be construed as misusing the name of God. 26 And Abimelech said, I wot not who hath done this thing; neither didst thou tell me, neither yet heard I of it, but to day. Following such traditions leads only to bondage to sin and not freedom according to the law of liberty that the Spirit enables us to obey (James 1:25). A person who dies while Saul was reigning as king is identified as an Abimelech otherwise the person is identified as an Ahimelech. Once, when a woman made a request of [Hadrian] as he passed by on a journey, he first said to her, I havent time, but afterwards, when she cried out, Then cease being emperor, he turned around and granted her a hearing. How often we say or hear, Not now, Im busy or Im sorry, I just dont have the time. Yet, our heavenly Father, the Master and Creator of the universe, always has the time for us! David may have actually pointed to someone in the audience, saying: This poor man cried; YHVH heard and saved him from all his troubles. It is highly unlikely that this is based on a different Hebrew source (as has been suggested a few times, see for example the top of page 240 (really page 2) here), as there would have to have been a harmonization to all of the instances that the name appeared in both books, not to mention that we have no other textual evidence to support such a theory (certainly in Ruth, I haven't checked I Samuel). Only by the regular study of Scripture with other godly Christians and prayer can we know the spirit of the Law well enough so as to apply Gods commandments rightly in all circumstances. I haven't brought my sword or any other weapon, because the king's business was urgent." 9 The priest replied, "The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the Valley of Elah, is here; it is wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod. Before Abimelech Psalm 34: 1-22 . As shown below, both and are used, suggesting a translator had a choice between either when addressing the issue inherent to the name Elimelech. Read the full story of Abimelech from the book of Judges below and find articles, video and audio sermons relating to this cautionary story. Very good question! But Ahimelech ended up being killed anyway. Beginning today we will talk about David's wilderness experiences. David's untrue words to Abimelech 1 Samuel 21:2. But the face of YHVH opposes those who do evil, to cut off all memory of them from the earth. Abraham concurred, but did bring up Abimelechs treatment; Abimelechs servants violently took way wells Abrahams servants had dug. Consider the following quote. The priestly head of the establishment at Nob is represented to have been the man who had the right to the office through his descent from Aaron. Thats not honoring the agreement! Abimelech glossary term meaning as seen in the King James Bible. Telling the Truth for Women - Jill Briscoe, Harvest Christian Fellowship - Pastor Mike Finizio, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Matthew Henry Commentary on the Whole Bible (Complete). Davids spy network deceives Absaloms men at En Rogel (2 Samuel 17:20). Show the kindness I (Abimelech) have shown you while youve lived in the land. What is causing the plague in Thebes and how can it be fixed? After God informs him that Sarah is really Abraham's wife, Abimelech confronts Abraham (20:9-10). Of David. How Daniels Prophecy of 70 Weeks Connects to the End Times. The purpose is to protect an innocent person. Ahimelech's . Abimelech. Abraham and Abimelech Genesis 20:1-16 narrates the story of Abraham emigrating to the southern region of Gerar, whose king is named Abimelech. Who was Abimelech to David? What does it mean to seek peace and go after it? Once, in an emergency, it was given to King David to feed his hungry men. However, perhaps Abimelech was a royal title, rather than a proper name. How many men went with David in pursuit of the Amalekites? Abraham and Abimelech Genesis 20:1-16 narrates the story of Abraham emigrating to the southern region of Gerar, whose king is named Abimelech. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Which one has your name on it? Phicol was the commander of Abimelechs army. 25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelech's servants had violently taken away. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. region: Genesis 20:1 (LEB): And Abraham journeyed from there to the land of the Negev, and he settled between Kadesh and Shur. That is, for the LXX translator not only transliterates the name Ahimelech, it conceptualizes "One from among your brothers you shall set as king over you." In this verse God made all the women, including the slaves, barren as punishment for Abimelech's crimes. 2:26, 27.) Abimelech: my father a king, or father of a king, a common name of the Philistine kings, . Lying and slander were deemed by the rabbis as especially hateful to, ; just the contrary, just because they love. They said to Abraham, God is with you in everything you do. Here he ate the showbread which had been withdrawn from the sanctuary and received the sword of Goliath, which was kept there. In the parallel passage, 2 Samuel 8:17, we have the name Ahimelech, and Abiathar, the son of Ahimelech. So make a promise to me here before God. )At Nob, High Priest Ahimelech gives David food and Goliath's sword; David then flees to Gath, where he escapes harm by acting insane However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. A few years later Ahimelech is at the head of the very considerable priestly establishment at Nob. Commentators speculate that David probably lied in order to protect Ahimelech from any charges of conspiracy if Saul were to later find out the priest had helped David. This was an appropriate end for Abimelech's malevolent regime and the evil he had committed against his own brothers and people. It's probably on your reading list, but it can be a daunting work to master. And Ahimelech came trembling to meet David, and he said to him, Why are you alone and there are no men with you? 2So David said to Ahimelech the priest, The king charged me with a matter and said to me, No one must know anything about this matter on which I am sending you, with which I have charged you and the servants. So I have arranged to meet with my servants at a certain place. The purpose is to protect Ahimelech from knowingly helping a fugitive from the king. In 1 Samuel 21, Achish is the king's personal name. There are reasons a translator might see this as both necessary and acceptable: I suspect both reasons entered into the decision. Individual and Communal Praise: David begins very personally, I will bless ADONAI at all times; in joy and sorrow, His praise will always be in my mouth. The letter of the Law is not unimportant, but it can never be followed at the expense of the spirit of the Law. It is alleged as a difficulty that Abiathar was then living, and was high priest along with Zadok (1 Chronicles 15:11 2 Samuel 15:29; 2 Samuel 19:11; 2 Samuel 20:25 1 Kings 2:27, 35; 1 Kings 4:4, etc.). MT unified it to say Ahimelech, and the LXX Hebrew text had been unified to say Abimelech. 16:23? Historians of the Ancient Near East agree that David probably lived around 1000 BCE, but little more is known about him as a historical figure.. Interested in joining the Ligonier team? In 1 Chronicles 18:16 he is called Abimelech, and is probably the same as Ahiah ( 1 Samuel 14:3 1 Samuel 14:18).He was the twelfth high priest, and officiated at Nob, where he was visited by David (to whom and his companions he gave five loaves of the . David's flight to Achish, King of Gath (1 Samuel 21:10-15) With this chapter begins the record of David's wanderings as an exile. Thank you for your interest in supporting CARM. Thus, in J, like in P, the conception of Isaac is miraculous. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. Surly Straggler vs. other types of steel frames. This is possible as "Abimelech" means literally Father-King/Ruler and was common among Philistine dynastic rulers (see Genesis 20, 21:22-34 and 26). You may not put a foreigner over you, who is not your brother. "(WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:20One of the sons of Ahimelech, the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David. (Compare 1 Ki. Ahimelech came to meet David trembling, and said to him, "Why are you alone, and no man with you? Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning. 21:1. What all did David get from Ahimelech the priest? Therefore, it is possible that both men shared each others names. When I boast, it will be about YHVH; the humble will hear of it and be glad. In Matthew 1:9, Uzziah is the father of Jotham. DSS says Elimelech in Ruth 1:3 & 4:3 agreeing with MT, disagreeing with LXX. As chief priest, Ahimelech had responsibility for God's sacred tent, called the tabernacle. But in 1 Chronicles 3:12, his name is Azariah. 22:2022; 23:6, 9. Hastings' Dictionary of the Bible . [1] He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli. [If you do,] keep your tongue from evil and your lips from deceiving talk. David feigns madness before Achish king of Gath (1 Samuel 21:10-15). This Abimelech/Ahimelech was a priest who served in the time of King David. This is deceiving an enemy in war. And they went to the countryside of Moab and remained there. This Abimelech was probably not the same king that Abraham lied to over seventy-five years earlier. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. . There was very little food to eat. Unlike Sarah, Rebekah was never taken from her husband. The scale on which it existed is indicated by the fact that 85 robed priests perished in the massacre (1 Samuel 22:18).They had families residing at Nob (1 Samuel 22:19). We greatly appreciate your consideration! II. Answer (1 of 6): The monarch, described as "Achish the king of Gath", with whom David sought refuge when he fled from Saul, is called Abimelech (meaning "father of the king") in the superscription of Psalm 34. Ruth 1:12 (LEB): And it happened in the days when the judges ruled, there was a famine in the land, and a man from Bethlehem of Judah went to reside in the countryside of Moabhe and his wife and his two sons. In the first, Abimelech is called the "King of Gerar" while later he is called the "King of the Philistines in Gerar". Feel free to post your own answer or defend any of the above options. Using indicator constraint with two variables. Since Jesus mentions Abiathar as the "high priest" in Mark 2:26, but Ahimelech is mentioned as the "priest" in 1 Samuel 21:1, it is possible that they were different priests. 26:6). Abimelech agreed to return the wells and then they made an agreement. Son of Ahitub, and brother of Ahiah, whom he succeeded in the high priesthood. Since it's just in 1 short book, it was easier to unify one way or the other. What can we learn from the story of the Levite and his concubine. Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. David and the Amalekites Six hundred men went in pursuit, but a third of them were too exhausted to go further than the HaBesor Stream. The righteous suffers many evils, but ADONAI rescues them out of them all. It should read Ahimelech. Ahimelekh is also changed to Abimelekh in Psalms 51. . He knew what fears were. On the other hand, in second Samuel 8:17, Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but in 1 Samuel 23:6, Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? AHIMELECH (Heb. The godly, however, will find YHVH to be faithful. Ahimelech has been identified with *Ahijah, son of Ahitub, who is also mentioned in the time of Saul and who acted . It is interesting to note that Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but it is also said that Abiathar is the son of Ahimelech. 14 But the shame of his lie turned the tables. History: The historical context of this as it pertains to life and historical events is that Abimelech is the king of the Philistines. Ahimelech asks about the ceremonial purity of Davids men ~ if they are going to eat the holy bread ~ David lies again and swears blind that they are ritually pure. We'll discuss the original Hebrew, plus the words and names Ahimelech is related to, plus the occurences of this name in the Bible. 18:16 he is called Abimelech, and is probably the same as Ahiah. In addition to his personal experience, he had witnessed how the righteous of the TaNaKh radiate confidence and joy. There are a few other distinctions in these two stories. Lying and slander were deemed by the rabbis as especially hateful to ADONAI. He descended from Aaron's son Ithamar and the High Priest of Israel Eli.In 1 Chronicles 18:16 his name is Abimelech according to the . The anomalous use of the name Abimelech is not limited to Ruth; elsewhere it is used selectively to replace Ahimelech. @ added my thoughts on Ahimelech. 2And the name of the man was Elimelech, and the name of his wife was Naomi, and the names of his two sons were Mahlon and Kilion. All rights reserved. 2And Abraham said about Sarah his wife, She is my sister. And Abimelech king of Gerar sent and took Sarah. T. Nelson and Sons. Also Boaz, whose exact ancestral connection to Elimelech is never explained, is the key figure, regardless of how Naomi's deceased husband is identified. In fine, Jesus is critically correct in calling the place "the house of God" (Mark 2:26). Abimelech and Phicol spoke with Abraham. DSS says Ahimelech in 1Sa 21:8, agreeing with MT, disagreeing with LXX. Abimelech is marginalized and becomes a title, not a name. By not following the rule, the translation is faithful to the Hebrew text. But surely there is no improbability in the affirmation that Abiathar had a son named Ahimelech, or that this son performed prominent priestly functions in his father's lifetime.Many regard "Ahimelech the son of Abiathar" (Matthew gives Ahimelech) as an inadvertent transposition for "Abiathar the son of Ahimelech." Abimelech This is a fairly common personal name in northwest Semitic literature (Ugaritic and Phoenician literature). Who is Abimelech and Abraham? 1 Samuel 21:10-15.) (1.) The lessons of this part of the Psalm are chiefly that true goodness can only be found in a relationship with God. Ahimelech (Hebrew: mele, "my brother is king"/"brother of a king"), the son of Ahitub and father of Abiathar (1 Samuel 22:20-23), but described as the son of Abiathar in 2 Samuel 8:17 and in four places in 1 Chronicles. Maschil. 24:59.. 18:16, where Ahimelech seems evidently termed Abiathar, while Abiathar is called Ahimelech or Abimelech. Abimelech era o nome mais proeminente de um rei politesta de Gerar que mencionado em duas das trs narrativas de esposa e irm em Gnesis, em conexo com Abrao e Isaque. It only takes a minute to sign up. (2.) 21:19). 18) - Sarah begins as a young woman, and is even kidnapped by Pharaoh for her beauty (ch. The first half of the Psalm alternates between personal testimony and a repeated call to join in the praise and be stimulated in newness of faith (Psalm 34:1-7). The father and the son were both known by the same two names: Ahimelech and Abiathar. I did not find any evidence of a copyist error. They stuffed his wells (these same wells Abraham made a covenant over) and politely asked Isaac to leave their land. Principle: Keeping an oath; covenant, vow, and agreement. Bible; They stuffed the wells after the death of Abraham, however, Isaac dug them again. . It is the answer to all lifes most pressing questions (Psalm 34:8-22).87. 8:17 where Ahimelech is the son of Abiathar, but in 1 Sam. But at the beginning of Psalm 34, and referring to the same event in 1 Samuel, the king's name is Abimelech. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. L. G. 4. What happened to the Tabernacle in Shiloh? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 26:6Then answered David and said to Ahimelech the Hittite, and to Abishai the son of Zeruiah, brother to Joab, saying, "Who will go down with me to Saul to the camp?" His concubine, who lived in Shechem, also bore him a son, whom he named Abimelek.". (WEB KJV JPS ASV BBE DBY WBS YLT NAS NIV), 1 Samuel 22:11Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests who were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king. ; "[the divine] brother is king" or "the Melech [deity] is my brother"), name of three biblical figures. Of course, the later part of that passage - "and in thee shall all families of the . ABIMELECH ('father is king' or perhaps 'Melech is father'). How is the Septuagint interpretation of Psalms 40:6 reconciled with the Hebrew text? 21 He told David that Saul had killed the priests of the LORD. When Abimelech (the Philistine king in the stories of Abraham and Isaac) could be substituted in the title of Ps. What is It to Be Truly Blessed by the Most-High? 2 Sa. Abraham's dad died at 205 (Genesis 11:32). This most authorities consider the more correct reading. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. In Praise and Wisdom: After affirming that God is good to those who trust Him, David then instructed the people how to live a long life. 25 And Abraham reproved Abimelech because of a well of water, which Abimelechs servants had violently taken away. Abraham and Abimelech Genesis 20:1-16 narrates the story of Abraham emigrating to the southern region of Gerar, whose king is named Abimelech. Abiathar brought the ephod to David. This is rather plausible in the passage in 2 Samuel 8 and the duplicate of it in 1 Chronicles 18:16, but it has no application in the detailed account in 1 Chronicles 24. David asked Ahimelech, "Don't you have a spear or a sword here? Saul therefore summoned Ahimelech and angrily demanded to know why Ahimelech had given help to David, and why Ahimelech was conspiring with David against him.