Despite this, the Nazi Party continued to use peoples residual economic fears as a propaganda tool to gain power, eventually leading to Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. It included a mens camp and a womens camp, and all inmates were forced to work either in the factory or in construction. The Rentenmark was valued at 4.2 marks to one U.S. dollar, and its introduction on November 16, 1923, successfully ended the inflation crisis. Peter Kien, a Czechoslovakian poet, artist, and inmate of Theresienstadt designed the notes, but his original design was rejected by SS General Reinhard Heydrich. It was issued February 1924 and has a high value for collectors because this banknote is a rarity (value approx. The "Weimar Republic" continued from 1919 - 1932. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. The camp was located on the grounds of the 17th century, Schwarzenberg castle, and included a hospital, dental clinic, sanitation office, drug store, canteen, bakery, clothing store, two restaurants, and laundry and shoe repair services. Scrip, valued at 50 Lire, distributed in Cremona concentration camp in Cremona, Italy. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. The Rentenmark was valued at 4.2 marks to one U.S. dollar, and its introduction on November 16, 1923, successfully ended the inflation crisis. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. The coins were designed by Pinkus Szwarc and minted in the ghetto by inmates. The scrip, sometimes referred to as rumki or chaimki, after the Elder of the Judenrat, Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski and was issued in denominations of: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mark notes; 5, 10, and 20 mark coins; and 50 pfennig notes and 10 pfennig coins. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. In order to stabilize the economy, the German government established the Rentenbank. Scrip was issued to Cremonas prisoners in exchange for outside currency to inhibit escape attempts. Under German pressure, Italian fascists passed antisemitic legislation in 1938, and later established domestic concentration camps for military and civilian internees. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. Featured on this note is the church of Panagia Kapnikarea. By November 1923, prices were nearly a trillion times pre-war levels. Worth - Germany 5 rentenpfennig 1923-1924 in the coin catalog at uCoin.net - International Catalog of World Coins. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The notes are dated 1 January 1943, but were not distributed until May 1943. This was mortgaged (Rente is a technical term for mortgage in German) to the tune of 3.2 billion Goldmarks, based on the 1913 wealth charge called Wehrbeitrag which had helped fund the German war effort from 1914 to 1918. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Greeks to surrender by the end of the month. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. The goal of the joint currency issues was to protect local economies from inflation or weakening of their currency, and to present a united front. Second issue Allied Military currency (AMC), valued at 100 francs, distributed for use in France by the Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories (AMGOT), from June 1945 to July 1946. The camp was closed in the autumn of 1949. Currency was confiscated from inmates and replaced with scrip, which could only be used in the camp. Scrip (also called chits) valued at 0.01 Reichsmark, distributed to slave laborers in Mittelbau (Central Construction) concentration camp. A special currency was issued to incentivize work output, although the money had no real monetary value. The coins were designed by Pinkus Szwarc and minted in the ghetto by inmates. Valuables and currency were forcibly exchanged for the scrip and it was used as modest payment for forced laborers, though it held no value outside the ghetto. 2. ZU VERKAUFEN! The subcamp was evacuated in April 1945, as Allied forces approached. Toward the end of the war, many more escaped Lithuania before the advancing Soviet army, fearing a continuation of the mass arrests and deportations the Soviets inflicted on the public during their occupation under the MolotovRibbentrop Pact. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. A prisoners treatment inside the camps varied depending on their nationality. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. The Rentenmark ( [ntnmak] ; RM) was a currency issued on 15 November 1923 to stop the hyperinflation of 1922 and 1923 in Weimar Germany, after the previously used "paper" Mark had become almost worthless. The canteen scrip, which did not have Auenkommando printed on it, was used in the main camp. 1 US Dollar was 4.20 Rentenmark. This reference provides text, photographs, charts, maps, and extensive indexes. American troops arrived two days later. The Jewish Council was ordered to create a system of Quittungen (receipts) that could be used as currency only in the ghetto. Valuables and currency were forcibly exchanged for the scrip and it was used as modest payment for forced laborers, though it held no value outside the ghetto. A 1923 Germany Berlin 1 Rentenmark Banknote, Used folds and marks $1.18 0 bids $14.60 shipping 5d 9h OLD BANK NOTE OF THIRD REICH GERMANY 1 RENTENMARK 1937 NO. GENUINE GERMANY BANKNOTES WWII (1939-45) - 2.20. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. Although the camps were called Campi Di Concetramento (Concentration Camps) the conditions and treatment of their internees were equivalent to prisoner of war (POW) camps for military and civilians. The Reichsmark became the national currency of Germany in 1924, replacing the Rentenmark, which had been issued as temporary currency in 1923. On October 28, 1940, Italy invaded Greece, but they were repelled by the Greek forces. However, the Italian authorities resisted participating in the mass murder and did not permit deportations of Jews from Italy. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. While at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, but the money had no real monetary value outside the camp. The government printed higher and higher denominations, but was unable to keep up with the plunging rates. The front design features a large chimney from the camp laundry and a street known as the Boulevard of Misery. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. The reverse features an image of the ruins of the Temple of Poseidon at the Cape of Sounion. 0; The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). The scrip, sometimes referred to as rumki or chaimki, after the Elder of the Judenrat, Chaim Mordechai Rumkowski and was issued in denominations of: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 mark notes; 5, 10, and 20 mark coins; and 50 pfennig notes and 10 pfennig coins. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. The notes only held value in the POW camps and their official use was for the purchase of goods from the canteens. The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. In October 1944, Mittelbau (Central Construction) concentration camp (also called Dora-Mittelbau and Nordhausen) in Germany, took over administration of Rottleberode. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. There are two versions of the scrip known today: notes printed on cardstock with a Star of David stamp, and notes printed on paper without a stamp. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology. The occupation authorities reacted to strikes and sabotage with arrests and deportations. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. Scrip was issued to Cremonas prisoners in exchange for outside currency to inhibit escape attempts. The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. Many of the reissued notes included figures and images from Greek mythology. FOR SALE! The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. Scrip, valued at 9 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbrg concentration camp in Germany. Voucher, valued at 100 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. German- issued Greek National currency valued at 1,000 Drachmai. Explain why Germany suffered from hyperinflation in 1923. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Valuables and currency were forcibly exchanged for the scrip and it was used as modest payment for forced laborers, though it held no value outside the ghetto. The inflation grew to critical levels between 1922 and1923, when the exchange rate of the mark to the United States dollar went from 2,000 marks per dollar to well over a million in a matter of months. The exchange scrip had Auenkommando, outside command, printed across the front, and was issued to inmates working in the Buchenwald subcamps. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. NFTs Simplified > Uncategorized > fine rentenmark 1923 value. The scrip was printed in seven denominations: 0.50, 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 Lire. Rosenberg: 166 b) . Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. ANTI-INFLATION (WORTH 500 MILLION 1923 MARKS!) Germany 1 Rentenmark Banknote, 1937, P-173b.1, UNC, TAP 60-70 Authenticated $29.99 Each Recommended Supplies Banknote World Currency Collecting Album with 103 pockets (Banknotes sold separately) Dimensions: 9.75" L x 1.5" W x 12" H $19.99 Each Banknote World Black Light UV - Ultraviolet Counterfeit Currency Detector $19.99 Each Coins were issued dated 1923, 1924 and 1925 in denominations of 1 Rpf, 2 Rpf, 5 Rpf, 10 Rpf and 50 Rpf. Featured on this note is Zeus, god of thunder, and king of the Olympian gods. [R.-B.-BLI 5.963] Berlin, the 30th of January 1937 During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. Dec. 10, 1923 The New York Times. The emerging National Socialist German Workers (Nazi) Party frequently used the bills to their advantage, writing anti-Semitic messages on them, which blamed Jews for Germanys financial problems. Reichsbank note, valued at 20 million marks, distributed in Germany from July to November 1923. A special currency was issued to incentivize work output, although the money had no real monetary value. Scrip, valued at 6 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbrg concentration camp in Germany. It was initially issued in values of 10, 20, 50, 100, and 1000, but in 1942, the 5 Reichsmark note was introduced. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. Many prisoners used the notes for gambling among themselves to combat boredom. It was thought that all the notes were destroyed, until approximately 15 sets were discovered in England in the 1970s. Cremona concentration camp was an internment and labor camp that held both POWs and Jewish prisoners. Property. Do you combine shipping? The d ghetto was the only German ghetto or concentration camp that minted coinage. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 5,000,000 Drachmai. It was subdivided into 100 Rentenpfennig. Reichsbank note, valued at 10,000 marks, distributed in Germany from January 1922 to November 1923. During World War II, many Lithuanians were deported to Nazi Germany as forced laborers. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. It is often called the Vampire note because the unknown engraver altered Durers original portrait slightly so that when turned sideways, the face of a vampire is visible in the shadows on the mans neck. The camp housed between 1,000 and 1,200 refugees, and was one of the largest centers for DPs in Italy. The prisoners were sent on forced marches to Niedersachswerfen subcamp and Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Grecians to surrender by the end of the month. The printing of the Allied Military (AM) mark for Germany was known as Operation Wild Dog. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. A prisoners treatment inside the camps varied depending on their nationality. After Germany invaded the Netherlands on May 10, 1940, the German authorities began using Westerbork as a transit camp, holding internees until they were deported to forced labor camps or killing centers in other countries. Consequently, after World War II, Germany had a large population of Lithuanian displaced persons (DPs). Therefore the Rentenbank in November 1923 issued the Rentenmark, a currency backed by mortgaged land and industrial goods worth 3.2 billion Rentenmark. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work, and a special currency was issued to incentivize work output, though the money had no real monetary value. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). WikiMatrix At the same time, Adenauer clung to the hope that the Rentenmark might still circulate in the Rhineland. All of the production was carried out in secret, and the printing effort for each country was given its own code name. He was ordered to make Moses appear more stereotypically Semitic in appearance and to arrange Mosess hand so that it is covering one of the commandments. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. The currency was issued in seven denominations: 1, 10, and 50 Reichspfennig and 1, 2, 5, and 10 Reichsmark. The Jewish Council was ordered to create a system of Quittungen (receipts) that could be used as currency only in the ghetto. Featured on this note is the Lion of Amphipolis, a monument erected in the late 4th century BCE for Laomedon of Mytilene, a general of Alexander the Great. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Buchenwald operated 134 subcamps, and issued two different types of special currency. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. The Reichsmark ( German: [asmak] ( listen); sign: ; abbreviation: RM) was the currency of Germany from 1924 until 20 June 1948 in West Germany, where it was replaced with the Deutsche Mark, and until 23 June 1948 in East Germany, where it was replaced by the East German mark. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. The printing of the Allied Military (AM) francs for France was known as Operation Tom Cat, and notes were issued two different times. Inmates could occasionally purchase small supplies from the camp canteen, but food was not available. The reverse has an image of the Treasury of Athens which was built to hold the offerings to the Delphi oracle. The Rentenmark was valued at 4.2 marks to one U.S. dollar, and its introduction on November 16, 1923, successfully ended the inflation crisis. After the war, a Displaced Persons (DP) Camp was established by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA) in Cremona from 1945-1947. In early April 1945, as US forces approached Buchenwald concentration camp, the German guards began to evacuate the camp. On June 20, 1948, the American, British, and French occupation zones of Germany converted to a new currency, and the Soviets followed suit a few days later. The camp housed 1,500 Lithuanian displaced persons who had been transferred from Regensburg DP camp, and was overseen by UNRRA team 569. However, the canteens were poorly stocked, which rendered the notes essentially worthless. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology. Before the Rentenmark was introduced, the former national currency, the Papiermark, was valued at 4.2 billion marks to one U.S. dollar, and was backed by gold, which the treasury did not have. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. A special currency was issued to incentivize work output, although the money had no real monetary value. In 1923 the exchange rate between the mark and the dollar had reached unimaginable levels: 4,200,000,000,000 marks for one dollar. The back design again features the chimney, in addition to a large, toothed spur gear. It was introduced in 1923 as part of a successful effort to end the hyperinflation suffered by the papiermark. Germany 2 Rentenmark Paper Money Values Powered by NumisMaster Germany - Rentenbank - Stabilization Bank 1937 Issue 2 Rentenmark New World Price Guide Search Numismatic specification data and valuation estimates provided by Active Interest Media's NumisMaster. While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. However, the canteens were poorly stocked, which rendered the notes essentially worthless. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 100 Drachmai. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. The front features a young, German man with the idealized Aryan features, and the Reichsbank seal with the Reichsadler gripping a swastika in the center. The scrip was part of an elaborate illusion to make the camp seem normal and appear as though workers were being paid for their labor, but the money had no real monetary value. Eine Rentenmark Ausgegeben auf Grund der Vorordnung vom 15. Essentially, this actually equals 2 million Reichsmarks because the economy of Germany after WW1 was in ruins with extreme inflation. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. Zum Kauf verfgbar. Ignacy Gutman designed all the denominations of the paper scrip and they were printed by the Manitius Printing House. There have been different currencies in this time period: "Mark" until 1923, "Rentenmark" since 1923 and "Reichsmark" since 1924. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 10 million Drachmai. Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and childrens crafts. Buchenwald operated 134 subcamps, and issued two different types of special currency. Reichsbank note, valued at 2 million marks, distributed in Germany from August to November 1923. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. The exchange scrip had Auenkommando, outside command, printed across the front, and was issued to inmates working in the Buchenwald subcamps. American troops arrived two days later. Voucher, valued at 25 cents, distributed in Westerbork transit camp. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. Scrip, valued at 50 pfennig, distributed in d (Litzmannstadt) ghetto. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. The front medallion depicts German artwork, Portrait of the Merchant Georg Gisze, created in 1532, by Hans Holbein der Jngere. A mint uncirculated German 10,000 Mark note dated 19-Jan-1922 is worth $20, dropping to $4-6 in very good used condition. . The German government attempted to solve this problem by printing more money, which led to severe inflation. Despite this, the Nazi Party continued to use peoples residual economic fears as a propaganda tool to gain power, eventually leading to Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. 0. FOR SALE! fine rentenmark 1923 value. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. In 1946 an ORT (Obchestvo Remeslenogo Truda, Association for the Promotion of Skilled Trades) vocational school was established in the camp. However, following war reparations being applied in 1921, inflation started and the 266148015790 Under German pressure, Italian fascists passed antisemitic legislation in 1938, and later established domestic concentration camps for military and civilian internees. The notes are dated 1 January 1943, but were not distributed until May 1943. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. [2][3] Working with Hjalmar Schacht at the Reichsbank, Luther quickly came up with a stabilization plan for the currency which combined elements of a monetary reform by economist Karl Helfferich with ideas of Luther's predecessor in office Rudolf Hilferding. After the beginning of World War II in September, 1939, Nazi Germany established a network of approximately 75 POW camps to house the enemy soldiers they captured across Europe. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. It was subdivided into 100 Rentenpfennig and was expanded in 1924 . All of the production was carried out in secret, and the printing effort for each country was given its own code name. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. The economy all but collapsed in the era of the Papiermark, with one US dollar equalling 4,200 billion German Papiermarks in 1923! While held at the camp, inmates were compelled to work in the factory. Scrip was issued to Cremonas prisoners in exchange for outside currency to inhibit escape attempts. In response, prisoners in Polish camps created their own currency for internal use. 1922 GERMAN REICH Banknote 10,000 Mark German Reichsbanknote - 3.50. The d ghetto was the only German ghetto or concentration camp that minted coinage. Deportations from Westerbork began in February 1941. GERMANY 20 Reichsmark,Occupation Currency Note WWII 1939-45 - $6.82. In 1946 an ORT (Obchestvo Remeslenogo Truda, Association for the Promotion of Skilled Trades) vocational school was established in the camp. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. ZIMBABWE 100 pcs set 20000 dollars 2003 Banknote - $1.78. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. [3], The newly created Rentenmark replaced the old Papiermark. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. This indiscriminate printing led to inflation issues in occupied Germany. The new Minister of Finance, Hans Luther, created the Rentenmark, which was backed by mortgages on all real property in Germany, rather than gold. Due to the invasion and the harsh economic policies, hundreds of thousands of Greeks died from lack of food during the German occupation. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the mens camp. Contents 1 History 2 Coins Later issues of notes were RM 10 and RM 50 (1925), RM 5 (1926), RM 50 (1934) and RM 1 and RM 2 (1937). Allied Military currency (AMC), valued at 100 mark, printed in the Soviet Union and distributed for use in Germany by the Allied Military Government for Occupied Territories (AMGOT), from September 1944 to June 1948. It included a mens camp and a womens camp, and all inmates were forced to work either in the factory or in construction. It included a mens camp and a womens camp, and all inmates were forced to work either in the factory or in construction. During the occupation, the price of corn was 9 million Drachmai per pound. There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nrnberg, a Flossenbrg subcamp, following its evacuation. In response, prisoners in Polish camps created their own currency for internal use. The camp housed between 1,000 and 1,200 refugees, and was one of the largest centers for DPs in Italy. American troops arrived two days later. On April 6, 1941, Germany invaded Greece to support Italy and forced the Greeks to surrender by the end of the month. The front design features a large chimney from the camp laundry and a street known as the Boulevard of Misery. Prisoners, including Jews, were treated much better than their counterparts in the German camps. Scrip, valued at 50 cents distributed in Scheinfeld displaced persons camp (DP) in Scheinfeld, Germany from April until July, 1946. 1 Rentenmark . Selling Private Collection German OCCUPATION CURRENCY Banknote 20 MARK 1939-45 100 175627776977 The majority of them did not survive. The Holleischen subcamp was established in Czechoslovakia, near the German-Czech border, in 1941. The currency was discontinued after the Roman conquest of Greece, and reissued after Greece gained independence from the Ottoman Empire. In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. FOR SALE! Search below to view digital records and find material that you can access at our library and at the Shapell Center. Before the Rentenmark was introduced, the former national currency, the Papiermark, was valued at 4.2 billion marks to one U.S. dollar, and was backed by gold, which the treasury did not have. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Despite this, the Nazi Party continued to use peoples residual economic fears as a propaganda tool to gain power, eventually leading to Adolf Hitler becoming Chancellor in 1933. Featured on this note is a partial image of the South frieze of the Parthenon in Athens. The scrip has a repeating MWH across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). In the womens camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italys surrender to the Allies in September 1943. The majority of them did not survive. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations.