Our study was strengthened both by its large sample size and our ability to follow infants through 6 months of age. Baden, L. R. et al. Effect of COVID-19 Vaccination on the In-Hospital Prognosis of Patients Overall, the study results support recommendations for vaccination during pregnancy to protect both mothers and their infants. The state has administered 3.2 million vaccine doses since Dec. 1 alone, but lagging rates between full vaccination and first doses for adults especially (82.6% vs. 95%) are becoming a point of . Compared with the Delta-predominant period, the proportion of unvaccinated hospitalized Black adults increased during the Omicron-predominant period. During the Omicron-predominant period, overall weekly adult hospitalization rates peaked at 38.4 per 100,000, exceeding the previous peak on January 9, 2021 (26.1) and the peak rate during the Delta-predominant period (15.5) (Figure 1). KPNC members are similar to the broad catchment population in Northern California in terms of sociodemographic characteristics34. Sect. Two to 4 weeks after a booster dose, vaccine effectiveness ranged from around 65-75%, dropped to 55-70% at 5 to 9 weeks, and 40-50% from 10 weeks or more after a booster dose. Baxter, R., Bartlett. [PDF] Laboratory-Confirmed COVID-19 Case Incidence Rates Among provided as a service to MMWR readers and do not constitute or imply These data should be taken with a grain of salt. Vaccine 31, 31043109 (2013). And in a second large study during the Omicron period, older people, men, and residents of nursing homes or in low-income areas were most at risk for post-booster COVID-19 death in England, but the risk was very low. The proportion of hospitalized Black adults who received a primary COVID-19 vaccination series with or without a booster or additional dose increased from 4.7% and 14.9%, respectively, during the Delta-predominant period to 14.8% and 25.5%, respectively, during the Omicron-predominant period; Hispanic adults experienced smaller increases. Zerbo, O., Ray, G.T., Fireman, B. et al. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of What are the implications for public health practice? The average age of decedents was 83.3 years. Vaccination status (unvaccinated, receipt of a primary series only, or receipt of a primary series plus a booster or additional dose) was determined for individual hospitalized patients and for the catchment population using state immunization information systems data (2). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2021;70:108893. Wkly. 189, 13791388 (2020). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Rep. 70, 895899 (2021). Child hospitalization rates reach record highs amid Omicron's surge Slider with three articles shown per slide. Delahoy MJ, Whitaker M, OHalloran A, et al. A free-text field for other types of residences was examined; patients with an LTCF-type residence were also categorized as LTCF residents. Adults who received booster doses were classified as those who completed their primary vaccination series and received an additional or booster dose of vaccine on or after August 13, 2021, at any time after the completion of their primary series, and 14 days before a positive test result for SARS-CoV-2, because COVID-19associated hospitalizations are a lagging indicator, and time passed after receipt of a booster dose has been shown to be associated with reduced rates of COVID-19 infection (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2114255). J. Med. But the charts are in line with data from the UK Health Safety Agency, which found that protection from a third dose of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine against hospitalization with Omicron was about 89%, waning slightly to 83% at 10 weeks, Insider's Catherine Schuster Bruce reported. Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy and preterm or small-for-gestational-age at birtheight integrated Health Care Organizations, United States, December 15, 2020-July 22, 2021. The average age of participants was 60.8 years, and 92.0% were White. Another explanation is the presence of a high COVID-19 vaccination rate among studied individuals (more than two-thirds), which is supported by the finding that the majority of patients had been infected with SARS-CoV-2 prior to undergoing vaccination. part 46, 21 C.F.R. Method: This case-control study aims to determine the hospitalization risk associated with the inactivated BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and mRNA BNT162b2 (Pfizer . Cohen-Stavi, C. J. et al. These cookies allow us to count visits and traffic sources so we can measure and improve the performance of our site. The study did not adjust for maternal SARS-CoV-2 infections during pregnancy due to the inability of capturing home testing results. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:134754. RESP-NET: COVID-19 Associated Hospitalization Rates among Adults Ages 65 Years and Older CDC's Respiratory Virus Hospitalization Surveillance Network (RESP-NET) shows that overall weekly rates of COVID-19-associated hospitalizations have declined for all age groups from a peak in December 2022. Sarah J. In the TND, we estimated that during the Delta predominant period, maternal vaccination with at least doses reduced the infants risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive by 95% (95% CI:76, 99) during the first 2 months of life, 70% (95% CI: 52, 82) during the first 4 months of life, and 61% (95% CI: 42, 74) during the first 6 months of life (Supplemental Table2). However, protection estimates greater than 90% might be too high if individuals with a previous infection were more likely than those without one to come forward for a test for reasons other than suspicion of COVID-19. Only 16% of children between the ages of 5 and 11 are fully vaccinated, and that number climbs to just over 50% of adolescents between ages 12 and 17, according to CDC data . All these results were similar to those when no adjustments for covariates are made (Supplemental Table1). Data from the COVID-19Associated Hospitalization Surveillance Network (COVID-NET) were analyzed to compare COVID-19associated hospitalization rates among adults aged 18 years during B.1.617.2 (Delta; July 1December 18, 2021) and Omicron (December 19, 2021January 31, 2022) variant predominance, overall and by race/ethnicity and vaccination status. By comparison, from two to 25 weeks after the second dose, protection against Omicron hospitalization was 64%, the UKHSA said. Proportions between the pre-Delta and Delta period were compared using chi-square tests; p-values <0.05 were considered statistically significant, adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Bonferroni correction method. COVID-19-Associated Hospitalizations Among Adults During SARS-CoV-2 Mothers were classified as either having had 2 doses or one dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy (and completed more than 14 days prior to delivery) or not having had any COVID-19 vaccines prior to delivery. Evaluation of acute adverse events after Covid-19 vaccination during pregnancy. A study from the U.K. government, published last week, found that three doses of vaccine. Wkly. On March 18, 2022, this report was posted online as an MMWR Early Release. However, data currently available on the persistence of immunity after vaccination on the one hand and the emergence of viral variants with reduced sensibility to vaccine immunity on the other, raise the need to administer boosters to maintain the protection and to compare . 384, 21872201 (2021). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. mmwrq@cdc.gov. We conducted secondary sensitivity analyses restricting the population to infants who received at least one SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Additional limitations include the inability to estimate the effectiveness of vaccines received prior to pregnancy onset. Halasa, N. B. et al. J. Obstet. Nature Communications (Nat Commun) Effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing hospitalization among adults aged 65 yearsCOVID-NET, 13 states, FebruaryApril 2021. Most hospitalized children were unvaccinated, and nearly one in three were Black. 9-14 As of October 2022, 68% of the US population has completed primary series vaccination. The second study, led by Office for National Statistics researchers in Wales, involved death rates and risk factors in adults in England who had received an mRNA booster at least 14 days before Dec 31, 2021. TN and NMF were responsible for visualisation. N. Engl. As a result, the number of total hospitalizations exceeds the sum of unvaccinated adults, adults who received a primary series without a booster or additional dose, and adults who received a primary series with a booster or additional dose. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. J. Med. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. Adults with no documented receipt of any COVID-19 vaccine dose before the test date were considered unvaccinated. Additional COVID-NET methods for determining vaccination status have been described previously. We excluded these infants because we were primarily interested in estimating the effectiveness of mRNA vaccines received during pregnancy; (7) mothers who received adenovirus vector vaccines or any non-mRNA platform vaccines during pregnancy; (8) mothers who did not receive their mRNA vaccinations in accordance with CDC recommendationse.g., the timing between dose 1 and dose 2 was not within the recommended intervals; and (9) infants who did not become KPNC members within two calendar months of their birth. Objectives To develop and implement a scoring tool to identify COVID-19 patients that are at risk for severe illness during the Omicron wave. Published by Elsevier Ltd. TN, NMF, SGN, DDA, AMP, and ST wrote the original draft of the manuscript. Iowa does not provide data on vaccination status. CAS Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. COVID-19 hospitalizations look different in the Omicron wave, and How Severe Are Omicron Infections? - Scientific American Overall, 63% of Americans are fully vaccinated. To update your cookie settings, please visit the, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(22)00462-7, Comparative analysis of the risks of hospitalisation and death associated with SARS-CoV-2 omicron (B.1.1.529) and delta (B.1.617.2) variants in England: a cohort study, https://www.who.int/news/item/26-11-2021-classification-of-omicron-(b.1.1.529)-sars-cov-2-variant-of-concern, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/scientific-brief-omicron-variant.html, https://www.mrc-bsu.cam.ac.uk/now-casting/report-on-nowcasting-and-forecasting-9th-december-2021/, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050999/Technical-Briefing-35-28January2022.pdf, https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/severity-of-omicron-variant-of-concern-and-vaccine-effectiveness-, https://www.imperial.ac.uk/mrc-global-infectious-disease-analysis/covid-19/report-50-severity-omicron/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.11.22269045, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269179, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.20.22269406, https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.01.12.22269148, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1054071/vaccine-surveillance-report-week-6.pdf, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/investigation-of-sars-cov-2-variants-routine-variant-data-update, https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology/nhs-test-and-trace-statistics-england-methodology, https://www.england.nhs.uk/contact-us/privacy-notice/national-flu-vaccination-programme/, https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/data-collections-and-data-sets/data-sets/emergency-care-data-set-ecds, https://digital.nhs.uk/services/secondary-uses-service-sus, https://www.england.nhs.uk/statistics/statistical-work-areas/covid-19-hospital-activity/, https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.08.13.21262014, View Large The finding that maternal vaccination was less effective at protecting infants during the Omicron dominant period is also consistent with previous studies which have reported decreased effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines during Omicron among children and adults14,20. J. Med. Although the study was unable to directly estimate VE against hospitalization due to the small number of hospitalized cases, it found that over the entire study period, the incidence rate of hospitalization during the first 6 months of life was much lower among the infants whose mothers were vaccinated during pregnancy compared with those whose mothers were not vaccinated. To ensure stability and reliability of rates by vaccination status, data are presented beginning 14 days after at least 5% of the age group-specific population of the COVID-NET surveillance catchment area has received an additional or booster dose.