The three types of social influence are information social influence, situational factors, and normative social influence. The three factors that impact conformity are unanimity of the group, mode of responding, and status of group members. -"Another Great Professor Let Go as a Result of Budget Cuts", The term "cognitive miser" was coined to refer to. A. failing to appreciate The false consensus bias is the tendency to see our own attitudes, beliefs and behavior as being typical. A. poor self-control In a national poll conducted by ABC News, men reported an average of sex partners and women reported an average of sex partners. Greg finds out that his application was flat out rejected (he never had a chance), while Marsha finds out that she was the first runner up (she nearly won). C. mirror-self C. defensive pessimism B. family situation A. self-esteem C. the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. After that meeting, Elenita decides that Hispanics in general must be independent and outspoken. You would be correct in speculating that she likely has _______ feelings of self-efficacy. That is, it can be __________ in different ways. B. collectivists; individualists Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Normative social influence is to seeking _____ as informational social influence is to seeking _____. D. there is no immune neglect, In Savitsky and Gilovich's study, public speakers who were informed about the illusion-of-transparency phenomenon felt: For example, if I enjoy eating chocolate ice cream cones, I will tend to . This is known as: B. B. we are more vulnerable to depression C. perform moderately well. A. self-concept This is an example of what social psychology phenomenon? D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, D. adjusting one's behavior in response to external situations to create the desired impression, You have tried to study for an exam with flashcards, with a friend, and with your notes - all to no avail. B. you can predict the fate of your relationships but not your behaviors the false uniqueness effect is quizlet dr thomas horn wikipedia. Describe the major characteristics of the garage coverage form. These people thought: "Why didn't everyone simply take the family minivan and go stay with family somewhere?" B. low self-esteem C. individuality Recall the "Castro study" conducted by Jones and Harris. A. high; high C. the tendency to underestimate the commonality of one's abilities. A. decreases Polina is 3 years old. You have no idea how old he is. D. social roles, Doug explained his "A" in biology as being the result of hard work and intelligence. Social psychologists use the term __________ to refer to activating a concept in mind. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. Raquel buys stock in two different companies. Which of the following kinds of thinking can help explain the first instinct fallacy? D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others. D. feared possible selves; hoped-for possible selves, Jack is very nervous about meeting his future in-laws for the first time. She is convinced that everyone knows it was her. thinking about her boyfriend even more than she was before. A. underestimate Mr. X thinks that George W. Bush became president of the U.S. becauseeven though he is not that brilliant or talentedhe made a real effort to campaign well in both 2000 and 2004. The teacher is probably trying to. A. transparency effect Question 20 The false uniqueness effect is: A. the anticipation of problems to motivate effective action. magical thinking. The only difference is whom it comes from. A. self-reference According to research on the actor-observer effect, people have a tendency to make relatively more __________ for their own behaviors but relatively more __________ for others' behaviors. However, researchers have also found that. Whenever you smell coconut oil, you tend to think about your recent vacation in the Bahamas (where you and your friends used lots of coconut suntan oil). She figured it would only take two days to write the paper so she did not start it until two days before it was due. The belief that others are paying more attention to one's appearance and behavior than they actually are is referred to as the ________ effect. C. moderately If Letha commits the one-shot illusory correlation, she will. [3] a. The idea that people project . counterfactual thinking. Business Driven Technology Quizlet. In short, we take credit for our successes but not for our failures. A. no different from those with low self-esteem This misconception seems to arise from __________, since plane crash fatalities tend to be widely publicized and are therefore relatively easy for people to bring to mind. Two studies adopted a traditional false consensus paradigm and investigated the relative magnitude of the FCE between the two cultures in three different categories of personal choices (Study 1) and behavioral choices involving hypothetical conflict situations (Study 2). D. punishment and distance ourselves from rewards. We and our partners store and/or access information on a device, such as cookies and process personal data, such as unique identifiers and standard information sent by a device for personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, and audience insights, as well as to develop and improve products. C. we can overcome anything -internal and unstable, external and unstable, The so-called "Sports Illustrated jinx"the tendency for athletes to experience a dip in performance directly after appearing on the cover of Sports Illustratedcan be BEST explained by. -overestimate the degree to which others share their attitudes and opinions. B. no different from those that have only high self-esteem A. internal B. rage Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: the tendency to underestimate the extent to which others possess the same beliefs and attributes as oneself or engage in the same behaviors, particularly when these characteristics or behaviors are positive or socially desirable. keep a lookout for anything that might remind them of the unwanted thought. Put Quizlet study sets to work when you prepare for tests in False Uniqueness Effect and other concepts today. -people usually do not "adjust" enough away from their anchors. This also makes you think about all of the fun and crazy things you did on your trip. D. traditionalists; progressives, A person's answer to the question "Who am I?" The attribution theorist Harold Kelley proposed that people make use of three types of information when they make attributions for others' behaviors. When confronted with his behavior he argues "Well, half the drivers in that lane are alone too." -interrupt the experimenter to get instructions. She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. Before the rise of social cognition, the field of social psychology was dominated by, When people make internal, stable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, When people want to suppress a thought, the automatic mind works to. -People use themselves as an "anchor" when judging others. In Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996), participants who were in the rude priming condition were more likely to. 8% of girls born in the United States in 2010 received one of the 10 most common names A. self-role A role comes socially expected pattern of behavior for it, which impact both behavior and attitudes. D. learned helplessness, Which statement about predicting your own behaviors or relationships is TRUE? C. exhibit more health problems C. learned helplessness C. independent As described in the textbook, current theory and research suggests that humans may have evolved to have especially large and powerful brains largely in order to, When buying a new car, people tend to look at statistical information and case history information. Quite understandably, students are often more upset about missing an exam question when they had previously circled the correct answerand then changed it to an incorrect answeras opposed to when they had chosen an incorrect answer all along. The so-called illusory correlation can MOST directly help explain. C. underestimating B. experience great difficulty A. specific; truthful They make similar predictions, but the FAE focuses on attributions that we make about others, while the AOE concerns attributions that we make about others AND attributions that we make about ourselves. B. the self-serving bias. In order to feel good about ourselves, we . Ingrid is highly educated, nerdy, and outspoken. A false-uniqueness effect was found on the part of low-fear subjects, as they tended to underestimate the incidence of low fear among their peers. Because most people are cognitive misers, they tend to __________ as little as possible. It can also skew the way we predict how people make decisions or judge a certain situation. D. have no idea, Most people perceive themselves as: While it might well be the case that the reading program actually negatively impacted the students' reading ability, Mr. Yipol would be wise to consider that the decrease could be due to __________. A. lifes satisfaction C. self-centered A. strong Research demonstrates that, in counterfactual thinking, people engage in far more __________ than __________. You have just spent the afternoon volunteering in the post-anesthesia recovery unit at the local hospital, helping patients with a variety of ailments. Bem's Self-Perception Theory proposes that when we are unsure of our attitudes, we use our behavior to infer our attitude. A. it helps protect us from depression By choosing (b), people are engaging in, The Stroop test can be thought of as a demonstration of. D. Jill who lives in Malaysia. A. ourselves as superior to the competitor B. narcissists lack an interest in others Three-year-old children tend to think that the Stroop test is really easy, as compared to 6-year-old children, 12-year-old children, or adults. This is very shocking to you. Moving to another question will save this response. In Asch's study, the correct answer/behavior was obvious and when making such judgments alone, almost no mistakes were made. C. implicit B. terror management theory Social Psychology Midterm - Flashcards Get access to high-quality and unique 50 000 college essay examples and more than 100 000 flashcards and test answers from around the world! C. narcissists are more outgoing than those high in self-esteem A. the anticipation of problems to motive effective action. What decision barriers must marketers overcome if consumers are aware of the Diderot effect? The fact that we usually attribute more responsibility to our partners than to ourselves when problems arise in a relationship is an example of how: If you are a hot hand player, you will answer. A. postive Introducing Cram Folders! She then goes ahead and orders a deluxe chocolate milkshake. It seems as though both Jules and Jim are "seeing" different things when reading the book review. But Mr. Y thinks that George W. only became president because he was "in the right place at the right time," and had good luck. A. planning fallacy ", Dr. Canne wants to encourage Kirk to lose weight. How would you frame the issue here? C. self-worth Shortage is caused by issues pertaining to real goods and. comprises his or her: In other words, you have a __________ for what needs to be done at restaurants. C.rewards and distance ourselves from punishment D. emotions, Which of the following is false? . C. self-esteem then it is unclear what type of attributions people will make. The False Consensus Effect is a tendency to overestimate how much people agree with us. Most psychology research has been conducted by wealthy White Americans. B. the unrealistic optimism about future life events. D. social contrast, You notice that your niece is unusually persistent when working on her homework. In a famous early study in social psychology, fans of two rival football teams were asked to watch footage of an actual game that was very close. This relates to the diffusion of responsibility, because no one person had the full responsibility to help. The false uniqueness effect occurs when. C. self-schema Suppose that Greg and Marsha both apply for a prestigious scholarship program, and both get rejected. Research indicates that people are especially likely to engage in the false consensus effect when it comes to __________, and especially likely to engage in the false uniqueness effect when it comes to __________. C. Most psychology research has been conducted on children from middle-income families. What is the false consensus effect quizlet? B. external B. weak B. self-monitoring A. they don't care For example, a person may think that their ability . This is a good example of: People who have severe brain damage sometimes approach objects in the world as if they are seeing them for the first time. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. Even though stomach cancer kills more people than plane crashes do, most people tend to assume that plane crashes cause more deaths. D. self-concept, Researchers reported that both anxiety and depression are ______ correlated with self-efficacy. B. Angela who lives in Alabama This is an example of: -say that the last flip is more likely to be heads OR say that the last flip is more likely to be tails. all of the cases in a group from which samples may be drawn for a study. B. feared possible self When people make external, unstable attributions for others' successes or failures, these attributions tend to concern questions of, Madisons is taking a freshman seminar at her university. B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS Counterregulation occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure. -case history informationregardless of whether or not it is the first time they have purchased a car. C. impression management This is an example of, When William James spoke of "wakening the associations," he was referring to, According to a study in Europe, women who take their husbands name tend to earn about __ as much as women who keep their birth name, Research on the anchoring and adjustment heuristic indicates that. A. personality The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as the conjunction fallacy. T/F The self-serving bias refers to people's tendency to think that others are more similar to them than they really are when it comes to their faults and weaknesses. What did the "Astroten" study demonstrate? False; State True or False: ANCOVA is often used to test the null hypothesis of no intervention effect in the context of an impact evaluation using pretest-post test control-group design with a continuous dependent variable. D. self-serving bias. Find out how you can intelligently organize your Flashcards. This pattern can be attributed to statistical regression. This is an example of: Fifth, false consensus is in line with a Bayesian analysis that assumes a uniform prior distribution and one's own view as the only evidence (Dawes & Mulford, 1996). C. we can overcome anything to underestimate the number of other. FALSE- UNIQUENESS EFFECT: "Some individuals with an inflated ego would 'suffer' from the false uniqueness effect . This test is known as. Giving priority to the goals of one's group, such as one's family or workplace, and defining one's identity accordingly is called: When we accommodate and adjust to personal injuries, romantic breakups, and exam failures, we cope more readily than we would expect. C. spotlight effect -the false uniqueness effect-the "above average" effect-the false consensus effect. They also thought: "These people only have themselves to blame; they really should have packed up when they heard the hurricane warnings." B. weak When actually asked such questions, women more often experienced: A. self-concept; self-schema Define attitude and how it guides our behavior. D. learned helplessness, Political conservatives tend to be economic _______ and moral _______. C. everyday hassles She makes $2000 from one of these investments, but loses $3000 on the other one. The actor-observer bias refers to a tendency to attribute one's own actions to external causes, while attributing other people's behaviors to internal causes. Which of the following would be the BEST example of counterregulation? D. an external locus of control, High school students who finished near the top of their class are more likely to experience a threat to their academic self-esteem if they attend a: A. he is self-handicapping C. average Thus, people tend to think that they see a lesbian-AIDS relationship when in fact there is no such relationship. That is, you might __________ and rely on the __________. She loves to read, surf the web, hike, go camping, and cook vegetarian meals. D. the brain stem, Giving priority to one's own goals over group goals, and defining one's identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications is the definition of: This common misconception stems most directly from, People who think they have a hot hand after winning five poker hands in a row tend to think that. A. internal Which of the following is the best example of ironic processing interfering with attempted thought suppression? When it comes to predicting the intensity and duration of our future emotions, research indicates that most people This happens because the responsibility for a task is spread across all members of the group. D. self awareness, According to the text, self-esteem typically _____ in Japanese exchange students after they spend several months at a Canadian university. D. Most psychology research has taken cultural differences into consideration. When people make the fundamental attribution error about entire groups of people (as opposed to individuals), psychologists say that they are making the ultimate attribution error. Examples of impact bias For example, gaining or loosing a romantic partner, getting or not getting a promotion . E-communication, or electronic communication, refers to the transfer of writing, signals, data, sounds, images, signs or intelligence sent via an electronic device. C. self-serving bias D. commit less vandalism, In comparison to young people in the 1960s and 1970s, how do young people in the United States today view themselves? Explain Festinger's cognitive dissonance theory. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Touch is the most functional sense at birth. How does the "That's-not-all" compliance technique work? Some even held and attended 'coronavirus parties'! B. self-monitoring Paul commutes to and from work each day. B. self-efficacy bt sport motogp commentators 2021. B. weak It is the tendency to see our talents and moral behaviors as relatively unusual. This thought is an example of, The tendency for people to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all is known as, Within the field of social cognition, scripts can be thought of as, A well-known test used in psychological research plays on the distinction between automatic and controlled processing. Knowing what you do about individualism and collectivism, you can conclude that your neighbor is likely to be a political: D. self-presentation, Who is MOST likely to have an independent sense of self? C. practice _____ what others think about your nervousness. A. individualism Yogurt that is "low fat" can be described as "95% fat free" or as "5% fatty." It would not be surprising if people overestimated the likelihood for celebrity marriages to end in divorce, since celebrity divorces tend to be highly publicized (while happy celebrity marriages do not as easily make front page news). Cram has partnered with the National Tutoring Association. . The false uniqueness effect is. D. the tendency to see oneself as superior to others. D. the self-handicapping effect. D. headlight effect, Greenberg (2008) argues that, to manage their fear of death and feel that their lives are not in vain, people seek to pursue self-esteem by meeting the standards of their society. C. moderate D. an internal locus control, Which part of the brain seems to be involved in maintaining our sense of self? D. large, non-competitive university, You attend a self-help discussion group, where the leader is encouraging people to think of themselves as the writers, directors, and actors of their own lives. D. self-concept, Joe was delighted when his favorite team won the Super Bowl. A. you are the best predictor of your behaviors A knowledge structure that contains information about a concept and its relationship to other concepts (e.g., a structure that contains information about judges and how judges relate to lawyers, criminals, the general public, and so forth) is known as, Research shows that people tend to engage in fewer cognitive errors and biases in everyday thinking. This could be an example of: Explain. Sociology is the study of groups of people. to underestimate the number of other. C. worse about their appearance while speaking A. a self-fulfilling prophecy Researchers have called this misperception a false social reality, a form of pluralistic ignorance. She had assumed that everyone felt as she did and supported her candidate's ideas. He suggested that most people explain everyday events in terms of either __________ or __________. B. individual achievement and relationships. B. small, non-competitive university A. self-handicapping Suppose that you meet an old man named Al. C. progressives; traditionalists Suppose that you have a certain idea about what a tropical island should be like: It should be a tourist destination, have palm trees, enjoy a warm climate, and contain plenty of bars that serve cocktails with paper umbrellas. Also, participants were told either (a) that the essay-writer got to choose which side to take (pro- or anti-), or (b) that the essay-writer was ASSIGNED to one side or the other. D. it helps to buffer stress, B. it makes us feel less vulnerable to risks such as AIDS, Saying "I earned an A on my psychology test" versus "My instructor gave me a C on my psychology test" exemplifies how we associate ourselves with: She rarely claims that she is unable to complete an assignment and is academically successful. According to the attribution theorist Harold Kelley, people make attributions for others' behaviors -according to the covariation principle. What phenomenon is MOST likely to be responsible for this? Brian's thinking most clearly reflects A. the false uniqueness effect. With prices like that, we're bound to have a delicious meal!" Jules hated the book, and seems to feel that the reviewer also hated it. In pronouncement of 18, the fallacy in this statement has too many questions. carefully and rationally thinks about each and every decision. A. protecting one's self-image by creating an excuse for later failure. The "correspondence bias" is another term that is used to refer to. the false uniqueness effect. B. the competitor as superior to us Deindividuation involves loss of self-awareness and self-restraint in a group situation that fosters arousal and anonymity.